Range Wire Size at a Glance
The typical freestanding electric range uses a dedicated 50-amp, 240-volt circuit, which calls for 6 AWG copper wire. Smaller ranges, some slide-in models, and many wall ovens draw less and use a 40-amp circuit with 8 AWG copper. The appliance nameplate is the final word, so always confirm it before buying wire, especially for separate cooktops and wall ovens.
Wire Size by Circuit
| Circuit Size | Copper Wire | Typical Appliance |
|---|---|---|
| 40 amps | 8 AWG | Smaller ranges, many wall ovens, cooktops |
| 50 amps | 6 AWG | Most freestanding electric ranges |
Four-Wire Circuits
Modern code requires a 4-wire circuit for electric ranges: two hots, a neutral, and an equipment ground, feeding a NEMA 14-50 receptacle. The neutral is needed because ranges run 120-volt items such as clocks, lights, and controls alongside the 240-volt heating elements. Older homes may still have 3-wire range circuits, which are allowed to remain but cannot be used for new work.
Cable Type Matters
For an indoor run through framing, this is commonly 6/3 or 8/3 NM-B cable, which bundles the two hots, the neutral, and the ground. Remember that NM-B is held to the 60 degrees Celsius column, where 6 AWG copper is rated 55 amps, which covers a 50-amp range. If the conductors run in conduit, 6 AWG THHN may be used at the higher 75 degrees Celsius rating.
Wall Ovens and Cooktops
Built-in wall ovens and separate cooktops are sized individually from their own nameplates and are often smaller than a full range, sometimes on 30 or 40-amp circuits. When a cooktop and wall oven share one circuit, the combined nameplate load sets the wire. Never assume the standard 50-amp range size for these.
Code and Safety Note
Range circuits are high-amperage and must match the appliance nameplate exactly. Follow the National Electrical Code and local amendments, confirm with your authority having jurisdiction, and use a licensed electrician for the circuit and connection.
IB Lighting can supply the 6 AWG and 8 AWG wire your range circuit needs from our electrical wire and cable collection, with free freight plus free freight insurance on every order. Call (800) 674-9019 with your appliance nameplate amperage and we will match the cable.